Every Nigerian home has its own health rulebook, passed down by parents, aunties and that one uncle in the family WhatsApp group. Some of it is wise. Some of it could make you sicker. We separated the two.
1. "If you have a fever, it's malaria."
Malaria is common, but so are typhoid, flu, urinary tract infections, COVID-19 and many others. Treating every fever as malaria without a test can delay the right treatment. Truth: test first, then treat.
2. "Sleeping under the fan or AC gives you a cold."
Colds are caused by viruses, not cold air. A fan can dry out your throat and nose, which may feel uncomfortable, but it won't infect you. Truth: wash your hands; the fan is innocent.
3. "Agbo can cure anything."
Some herbs do have medicinal effects, which is exactly why they need care. Many mixtures have unknown ingredients and doses, and some can stress the liver and kidneys, especially with long use. Truth: if you use herbal remedies, tell your doctor so they can check for harm and drug interactions.
4. "Take antibiotics whenever you feel unwell."
Antibiotics only kill bacteria. They do nothing against viruses like colds and flu. Taking them when you don't need them, or stopping halfway, helps bacteria become resistant. Truth: antibiotics only on a doctor's advice, and finish the course as prescribed.
5. "Hot water and lemon burns belly fat."
It's a refreshing drink, but no drink melts fat. Weight changes come from overall diet, activity and sleep over time. Truth: enjoy it for hydration, not as a weight-loss plan.
6. "Only old people get high blood pressure."
More and more young adults in their 20s and 30s are being diagnosed. Stress, salty food, little exercise and family history all play a part, and it often has no symptoms. Truth: check your blood pressure at least once a year, whatever your age.
7. "If you feel fine, you're healthy."
High blood pressure, diabetes and some cancers can grow quietly for years. Regular check-ups catch problems early, when they're easier to treat. Truth: feeling fine is great, but it isn't a test result.
8. "Mental health problems are a sign of weakness or a spiritual attack."
Depression and anxiety are real medical conditions, like asthma or diabetes. They are common and treatable. Truth: talking to a professional is a sign of strength, and support is available.
9. "Garri and cold water will cure a running stomach."
The biggest danger with diarrhoea is losing too much water and salt. Truth: oral rehydration solution (ORS) is the proven first step. See a doctor if there's blood in the stool, a high fever, or signs of dehydration, especially in children.
The bottom line
Our parents gave us these rules out of love. But medicine has learned a lot, and some old advice can now cause harm. When in doubt, ask someone qualified.
Frequently asked questions about health myths
Why do health myths spread so fast in Nigeria?
Most come from people we trust, like parents and elders. They also travel quickly on WhatsApp, where a message looks true just because many people forwarded it.
Is all traditional medicine bad?
No. Some plants contain real medicines. The risk comes from unknown doses and ingredients. Always tell your doctor what you're taking.
How can I check if a health message is true?
Look for a trusted source, such as the World Health Organization or a licensed doctor. Be careful with messages that promise a cure for everything.
Is depression really a medical condition?
Yes. The WHO describes depression as a common mental disorder, and effective treatment exists.
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Sources
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